SARASWATHI NARAYANAN COLLEGE – MADURAI –
22
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH (UG NME)
COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH – II (NME)
Course Code: LUENNM61
(For all UG III year)
(Prepared in December 2024)
Section – A
I.
Choose the correct
answer:
(K2 Level)
Unit - I
1. “Well! I got 90%.” In this sentence “Well” is a ______
a.
filler b.
object c. conjunction d. article
2. Identify the conjunction in the given sentence. “He
didn’t respond to my advice so, I gave up.”
a.
did b. not c. to d. so
3. Booking a room in an outstation hotel over phone is a/
an _______ conversation
a. formal b.
abnormal c. informal d. impolite
4. “Here is a teacher who is good at English.” Identify
the subject in the sentence
a. here b.
good c. English d. teacher
5. __________ calls are those which the agent initiates
to a customer with the aim of selling a product or service to the customer.
a. Inbound b. Bounced c. Outbound d.
Private
Unit II
6. “Do you know we
can get cold drinks on this bus”? is a/ an _______ expression used for asking
information.
a. neutral b. informal c. formal d.
partly neutral
7. When you want to say that something is possible, you
can choose modal auxiliaries such as ________
a. will, shall b.
can, may c. ought to, need to d. must, have to
8. The polite way of asking someone to repeat, is
_________
a. Sorry, could you say that again, please?
b. You can say that again.
c. Say it again.
d. Say one more time.
9. ________ is an expression for checking one’s
understanding.
a. Hi, how are you? b.
Good to see you again c. Does
that make sense? d. Meet my
cousin Radha.
10. ________ is an informal way of asking how someone is.
a. Good morning. How are you? b. Hello! How are you? c. Hey! What’s up? d. Hello, it’s nice to meet you
Unit III
11. “I’m terribly sorry, but I’ve got to make a phone
call” – indicates that someone ___________
a. leaves for a short time b. says good bye c.
asks pardon d. requests for a mobile
12. “I need to head out but let’s catch up ….” indicates
________
a. ending a conversation b. starting a conversation c. asking possibility d. asking permission
13. There’s a chance…..” indicates __________
a. possibility b.
impossibility c. improbability d.
ending a conversation
14. “Do you prefer hot coffee or iced coffee? indicates
_______
a. asking about something b. asking to give solution c.
asking for preference d.
doubting
15. “I could tell from his grim expression that the news
was not good.” Here grim means ______
a. sad b.
happy c. shrewd d. brilliant
Unit – IV
16. An essay is a long piece of composition on a
particular __________
a. theme or subject
b. theme or tone c. theme or figure d. theme or character
17. The aim of
advertisements is to inform and _____________ buyers.
a. entertain b. respect c. attract d. protect
18. The word, “Report” is
derived from the Latin word ____________
a. portare b. reportare c. repartee d. repertoire
19. _________ means making
sense of the data given in one form and transferring them to
another.
a. Information Transfer b. Information
Technology c. Idea Transfer
d. Information Transcreation
20. Use _____________ to
indicate who is speaking.
a. quotation marks b. capitalization c. dialogue tags d. question mark
20. To express the most
important facts about something or someone in a short and clear
form is called
__________
a. punctuating b.
summarizing c. voting d. praising
Unit – V
21. Good ________ skills
are essential for effective negotiations.
a. interpersonal b. intrapersonal c. personal d.
impersonal
22. Body language or
_________ is a powerful way to convey information and emotions.
a.
non-communication b. nonverbal
communication
c. verbal communication d. miscommunication
23. Group Discussion can
be a useful tool for _____, problem-solving, and
decision making.
a. brainwashing b.
brainstorming c.
brain-draining d. braining
24. Seminar is an event
where individuals gather to discuss on a/an _____ topic.
a. general b. many c. specified d. unimportant
25. Public speaking is an
act of communicating with ________.
a. friends b. relatives c. supernatural bodies d.
live audience
II.
Fill in the blanks
(K1 Level)
Unit – I
1. I asked her to repay the loan ______ (fill in with a
conjunction) she was reluctant. (but)
2. “My old camera”. “My” in this sentence is a/ an _______
(specific determiner)
3. The expanded form of ETA in airport is _________ (Expected Time of Arrival)
4. Someone who interviews people, especially for a job is
_____ (Interviewer)
5. ____ is a friendly conversation about things that are
not very important. (Chit-chat)
Unit II
6. “Is West Street the next stop?” is “ ______”
expression. (asking if someone is sure?)
7. _____ means to say a thing more than once. (Repeat)
8. If you are sure about something, you say ______ .
(There is no doubt in my mind…..)
9. How will you ask your superior to say something again?
(I beg your pardon, please repeat it.)
10. “What do you think/ feel about…?” is used when you ask
for someone’s _____ (opinion)
Unit III
11. It _____ (fill in with a modal) snow tomorrow, so
bring a jacket, just in case. (might)
12. “I’m more interested in X or Y” – expresses his/ her
_______ (preference)
13. “His teacher described him as a noisy, disruptive
influence in class”. He is a ______ boy (naughty)
14. You are _______ to pay your taxes by April 15.
(obliged)
15. “There’s some truth in what you say, still…..” shows
that you are _________ with someone’s statement. (partly agreeing)
Unit IV
16. The summary
on the back of a book is called a _______ (synopsis)
17. The aim of an
expository essays is to ____ the readers (inform)
18. Recent term used for poster is _____
(billboard)
19. _________ make
use of pictures to present data in an interesting form.
(Pictograms)
20. _______ is
basically a conversation between two or more people. (Dialogue)
Unit
V
21. Showing impatience is a/ an ________
body language. (negative)
22. In a/an
___________ group discussion empathy and creativity are evaluated.
(role-play)
23.
________ is a virtual seminar conducted through online. (Webinar)
24. The
three key elements of a rhetoric triangle model given by Aristotle
consists
of
logos, ethos and _______. (pathos)
25. Lack
of negotiation skills affects the business bottom-line and could ruin _____
(customer
relationship)
Section – B (Answer each question with one or two
sentences)
Unit – I
1. Give an example dialogue for the situation: “Your
brother is in New York. You need some money urgently to pay admission fee to a
college.” (K2)
Answer:
You: Hello! Anna, How are you?
Brother: Hello! Ashok, what a pleasant surprise! Is
everything Okay?
You: Well! There is a problem. You see I have applied
for MCA at D.G. Vishnav College. But I have to pay the admission fee within two
weeks. So I am in a tight corner.
Brother: How much do you need?
You: Around Rs. 25,000.
Brother: Oh! Don’t worry at all. I shall send it today
itself by Western Union Money transfer.
2. Read the following conversation and then answer the
questions given below it:
Margaret: Gyan, how was the flower show this year?
(K2)
Gyan: Oh, it was wonderful. There were many new varieties of roses. A
number of flowers were on the show for the first time.
Margaret: Did you see any miniature rose plants? I
have three in my garden.
Gyan: Oh, yes. There were lots of them. You should have come, Maggie.
Several stalls were selling the plants at a huge discount.
Margaret: Were there many people at the show?
Gyan: Yes, there were hundreds of people.
Questions:
1. Who are participating in the conversation?
2. What is the conversation about?
3. Give the meaning of the word, “miniature”
4. How does Gyan address Margaret?
Answer:
1. Margaret and Gyan are participating in the
conversation
2. It is about a flower show.
3. Miniature means very small.
4. Gyan addresses Margaret as Maggie.
Answer:
Jargon means special or technical words that are used
by a particular group of people in a particular profession and that other
people do not understand. The jargons used
in airport are:
ETA - Expected Time of Arrival
ETD – Expected Time of Departure
4.
Fill in the blanks
in the conversation with appropriate modals: (K2)
(i)
Nurse: May
I take a week’s leave in June, Doctor?
Doctor: No, you may not. But you can have
two days off in July.
(ii)
John: Can
I take these books home, Jane?
Jane: Yes, you can.
I have finished reading them.
5.
Why do you say
that medical transcription is a good career?
(K5)
Answer:
It is a good
career because flexibility is just one of the perks of it. As a medical
transcriptionist, you also can enjoy the satisfaction of knowing you're helping
other people. Your work supports healthcare providers and ensures the accuracy
of patient records.
Unit II
Answer:
Zuber: I visited Lonavala this summer
Zakir: Did you enjoy it?
Zuber: Yes. Of course.
Zakir: Where is the city and what is it famous for?
Zuber: It is 64 Kms west of Pune and it is a hill
station.
Zakir: Pardon me, please explain what is it famous
for?
Zuber: I am sorry. It is famous for its cool climate
and also for
its production of the hard candy chikki.
Column A
1.
Do you feel
parents should decide their children’s career?
2.
Do you want to
send the parcel by letter post or parcel post?
3.
When did the boy
leave the room?
4.
Are you sure that
“Macbeth” was written by Shakespeare?
5.
Did you catch up
the idea expressed in my speech?
Column B
a.
You’d better send
it by letter post. It might be quicker.
b.
Yes, I’d
understand clearly about the topic that you spoke on.
c.
Yes, I’s sure that
it was Shakespeare.
d.
He left by 4 p.m.
e.
In my opinion,
parents should monitor the type of programmes they watch.
Answer:
1-e:
2-a:
3-d:
4-c:
5-b:
8. Infer the expression, ‘starting conversation with
strangers’ by writing a conversation of your own. ( K2)
Answer:
Stranger
1: Hello, why are you looking very nervous ?
Stranger 2: Hello,
I don't know why the lift has stopped. Can you say why has it stopped?
Stranger
1: Don't worry, nothing to fear. It may be mechanical problem or
electrical problem.
Stranger 2: Could
you help me calling for any help?
Stranger 1: Yes,
sure.
9.
List out any four
expressions that indicate ‘checking for one’s understanding’. (K2)
Answer:
·
Do
you understand what I mean?
·
Do
you follow me?
·
Does
that make sense?
·
Do
you know what I mean?
10. Use the given words and phrases and fill in the blanks
in the dialogue: (K2)
like, really well, just as, very kindly
Mother : How do
you find Shishu Vihar, Vidya? Is Shankar happy there?
Vidya : Yes, I
think it’s a good school. The teachers treat the little ones very kindly.
In fact, they look after them as if they
were their own children.
Mother: I’m so glad you’re happy with the school.
You’ve brought him up really well.
Vidya: I’m a little worried though, Shankar
sometimes acts in a strange way fighting and crying for no reasons. It’s not
like him at all.
Mother: Give him
some time to settle down, Vidya. You can’t expect him to be like the other children. He is just as
you were when you were a child – always happy to be on your own.
Unit III
11. Write a conversation of your own using the expression
“leaving someone for some time”. (K3)
Answer:
Seema: Grand party, isn’t it?
Reema: Simply great!
Tina: It’s a big gathering. Seema, why don’t you have
another cup of ice-cream?
Seema: No thanks, I’m afraid, I really must go now.
I’ll catch you later over phone.
Reema: Tina, I hope you don’t mind, but I too have to
go. Bye-bye. Good night, Seema.
12. Write some examples for the expressions ‘agreeing and
disagreeing’ by writing a dialogue of your own. (K3)
Answer:
Yes, I agree.
That’s exactly my view.
I don’t agree.
I can’t say that I share that view.
Answer:
My sister: Our grandparents’ house is a cozy haven
where I feel safe and loved.
Myself: It’s a two-story structure with a warm,
inviting exterior.
My sister: As you enter, you're greeted by a spacious
living room where my family gathers for quality time
Myself: The
kitchen is the heart of our home, where delicious meals are prepared and
stories are shared.
14. Can you use the correct modals for the expression
“expressing possibility”? (K3)
Answer:
Modal verbs are a
key tool for expressing possibility in English. These verbs, such as “can,”
“could,” “might,” “may,” and “would,” convey different degrees of likelihood or
capability.
·
“She can solve
the puzzle easily.”
·
“We could go
to the concert if we finish our work early.”
·
“She might buy
some presents for the family before she goes.”
·
“My
grandmother may travel alone.”
·
“I would help
you move next weekend if I didn’t have plans.”
15. How do you write a dialogue using the expression
“asking about preference”? (K3)
Answer:
Kamal: Excuse me, sir could you list the drinks
available in this hotel
Service boy: Sir, coffee, tea and milk are available
here. What would you like to have. Here coffee is so good.
Kamal: Thank you for the information. Yet I prefer tea
to coffee.
Service boy: Ok sir. Do you like to have some biscuits
with tea?
Kamal: No, thanks. I like to have tea only.
Unit IV
16. Can you classify the types of essays? (K4)
Answer:
·
Narrative
Essays: The writer is narrating an incident or story through the essay.
·
Descriptive
Essays: Here the writer will describe a place, an object, an event or maybe
even a memory.
·
Expository
Essays: In such an essay a writer presents a balanced study of a topic.
17. What is called a poster? What are the four key
features of it? (K2)
Answer:
A poster is a
large sheet that is used to promote something or for decoration. The
key features of a poster are: title, graphics, text, and white space.
18. Can you list the elements of a good report based on
their importance? (K4)
Answer:
·
Executive summary: A brief overview of the report that
shows what the report is about.
·
Table of contents: Lists the report's main sections
and subsections
·
Introduction: Describes the objective and important
theories or concepts.
·
Conclusion: Explains how the data described in the
body of the document may be interpreted or what conclusions may be drawn.
19. Analyse the four Cs to be followed in summarizing a
prose piece. (K4)
Answer:
·
Clear: Make sure your thoughts are clear
so that your writing is clear.
·
Concise: Keep your writing short enough to
arouse interest.
·
Compelling: Make your writing engaging and
persuasive.
·
Credible: Use facts, testimonials, and a
professional tone to establish credibility.
20. Read the information given in the pie-chart and write
about it. (K4)
Answer: The pie diagram shows how water
was used by American residents in the year 1999 for residential purposes.
Accordingly, 16.8% water was used for bathing, 26.7% was used for toilet
purposes, 13.7% water was wasted in a form leakage, 21.7% was used for washing
clothes, 15.7% was piped through faucet for domestic purposes and 5.3% was used
for other purposes.
Unit V
21. How do you estimate the five Ps in negotiation as
suggested by Mullett? (K5)
Answer:
Prepare, Probe, Possibilities,
Propose and Partner.
22. Evaluate the importance of body language from your
understanding of it. (K5)
Answer:
Body language allows
us to decode what a person is truly thinking or feeling without solely relying
on their tone of voice and speech alone. It acts as an additional insight into
unspoken emotions which can be crucial in the workplace.
23. Interpret the advantages and disadvantages of webinar.
(K5)
Answer:
Advantages: Cost-effective, Reach a wider audience,
Audience engagement, Disadvantages: Technical difficulties, Decrease in
personal contact, Chance for hacking.
24. Why are group discussions conducted in job interviews?
Give your views. (K5)
Answer:
Group discussions
(GDs) help employer identify particular personality traits like
leadership, confidence, interpersonal and teamwork skills and also the
communicative skills of potential employees.
25. Explain the elements in Aristotle’s rhetoric triangle
model. (K5)
Answer:
·
Ethos: The
appeal to credibility.
·
Pathos: The
appeal to emotion
·
Logos: The
appeal to reason.
Section – C
(Each question carries Ten Marks)
(Answer any THREE questions not exceeding 400 words
each)
Unit
– I
1. Can you write a dialogue between a brother and a
sister on family budget-planning to help their parents. (K1)
Answer:
Sheila: Hi, Anoop! We hardly see each other nowadays!
Anoop: Rightly said, little sister, we don’t even
fight!
Sheila: Naturally! We go early and reach late and that
too at different timings.
Anoop: Oh, yes! We catch up during the weekends. So
now it’s the weekend and we are relaxed. Shall we talk about something?
Sheila: Oh, sure! I can guess what you want to talk
about. Isn’t it about sharing the household expenses?
Anoop: Yes, my dear Sherlock Holmes! You know, oud dad
and mom won’t ask us for anything. They’ll keep on spending. It’s for us to
find ways and means of sharing their expenses.
Sheila: I am more than willing, Anoop. Dad and Mom are
getting older. How much longer can they bear the financial burden?
Anoop: Let’s first find the different areas of
expense.
Sheila: Let me make a list, ok, first is the house
loan repayment of Rs. 50000/- made by our Dad. In fact, he had planned it to be
over before his retirement.
Anoop: Our education was their next big expense. But
they saw it with determination.
Sheila: Dad is retired now and his pension is around
Rs. 50000/-. Mom will get only salary for two more years. She won’t get any
pension. But we both are earning well so it’s our turn to step in and take over
the expenses of the family.
Anoop: Agreed. I shall pay for the electricity and
phone. I shall also bear petrol and diesel, annual taxes, insurance and
maintenance of the car.
Sheila: O.K. Then I will take care of the expense of
provisions and vegetable, as well as the life and health insurance. What else
can we take over?
Anoop: we will begin with these now which will leave
mom and dad enough money to spend for themselves.
Shiela: We should also put back some amount for
holiday, travel, health and any emergency in a separate bank account.
Anoop: That’s a good idea.
Sheila: I have decided to marry a man who respect my
priorities and continue bearing our parents’ needs.
Anoop: That’s right, Sheila. Parents need children’s
help and support as they grow older.
Sheila: Hope and pray to be lucky to serve our
parents.
2. How do you book a suite in a hotel for you family,
over phone? Write a dialogue. (K1)
Answer:
Receptionist: Good afternoon!
This is Capitol Hotels in Washington, D.C. How may I help you?
Mr. Abrams: Hi, I’d like to
schedule a reservation for this upcoming weekend from Friday night until
Sunday.
Receptionist: Sure! Let me
check and see what rooms are available. Do you need a room with one bed or two?
Mr. Abrams: My wife, my
parents and I will be visiting the city. So a suite will be fine.
Receptionist: Alright... It
looks like we have several rooms available. Would you care for a room with a
balcony?
Mr. Abrams: A single suite
with balcony will suit our needs. I did notice on your website that you have a
pool and an exercise room. Are these facilities available for all hotel guests?
Receptionist: Yes, all hotel
guests are allowed to access those facilities. The hotel stay also includes
complimentary breakfast. We have a restaurant on-site that also serves lunch
and dinner, but those meals are not included in your lodging fee.
Mr. Abrams: Okay,
that’s fine. What time are both check-in and check-out?
Receptionist:
Check-in for you on Friday can be any time after 3:00 p.m. Check-out will be on
Sunday before noon.
Mr. Abrams: Sounds great!
Receptionist: I am glad that I
could help you today. Is there anything else that you need at this point in
time?
Mr. Abrams: Would you like
my credit card information now, or can I take care of that upon my arrival to
the hotel’s reception desk?
Receptionist: We can handle
payment upon your arrival on Friday. We look forward to seeing you then!
Mr. Abrams: Thank you! I
look forward to my stay with my family.
Receptionist: Enjoy the rest
of your week!
3. Fill in the blanks using “some” or “any” (K1)
1. “Take some rice in the vessel.
“which vessel?’
“Any big vessel. As I was saying, take some
rice”
“How much”
“A little. Take some rice.”
“Will a spoonful do?”
“Some of you ask too many questions.”
2. Ajay needed some books for school. There
weren’t any bookshops there, so he went to Mount Road. There were
some bookshops there. In the first shop he found some
of the books he needed; the second shop didn’t have any; the
third shop had one copy of his English textbook.
4. You are attending a job interview at a call centre.
The recruiting manager is interviewing you. Relate this situation in a form of
a dialogue. (K1)
Answer:
Tell me about
yourself.
I was born and
raised in Madurai and graduated this May from Saraswathi Narayanan College with
a major in communications. Interacting with people and solving their problems
is what motivates me. I’m always trying to fix things for family and friends,
much to their chagrin. That’s ultimately what drove me to my past part-time
positions in retail.
Why did you leave
your last job?
·
I
wanted a new opportunity where I could learn new things and grow my career, but
also where I could work more directly with people.
·
I
wanted to find something more challenging where I could perfect and develop new
skills.
Why do you want to work for our company?
During my
research, I discovered that your company really values training and ongoing
learning for your employees, and as someone who loves to learn new things and
be challenged, this is important to me.
What
are your strengths and weaknesses?
One of my greatest
strengths is my ability to learn fast on the job and teach myself different
skillsets. And while I don’t have much experience in customer service yet I
think my ability to learn will help me overcome that obstacle quickly.
What’s
your idea of a call center?
To me, a customer
service call center is the frontline of all customer interactions. It’s the job
of call center agents to listen and understand customer concerns while also
providing helpful information. At the end of the day, customer service call
centers need to create satisfied customers with every call.
Why
do you want to work in a call center?
I’m excited to
work in a fast-paced environment that will challenge me to use all of my skills
to solve problems and improve the customer experience. I love flexing my
communication skills and interacting with customers.
What
is your idea of quality customer service?
My idea of quality
customer service is being able to provide customers with friendly, professional
service that not only solves their problems or answers their questions, but
also leaves them feeling satisfied with the service they received.
How
would you handle a call from an angry customer?
I think the first
step is to stay calm and express to the customer that you understand them. I
think it’s also important to remember that it isn’t personal, and the best way
to de-escalate the situation is to work towards a solution.
Are
you able to work with multiple phone lines?
While I haven’t
worked in a call center previously, I have juggled customer service while I was
working in retail. Handling multiple customers each day involved a lot of
multitasking with our inventory system, communicating with the customer, and
accessing our POS system.
5. You friends and you are discussing with a student
counsellor at a counselling session about the various options in higher
education. Write a dialogue. (K1)
Answer:
Vijay: Hi, Nikki, Hi, Syed! I am going to “Informex
2025” a career guidance fair at Madras University. Why don’t you join me?
Nikki: I’d love to. How about you, Syed?
Syed: Me too. Need of the hour! By the way who is
organizing it?
Vijay: It’s jointly organized by the Madras University
and S.N. College, Madurai. The fair is for one week.
Syed: Oh! I see. Who is participating?
Vijay: Around fifty colleges and public sector job
providers are participating.
Nikki: Come on! Let’s go.
Vijay: Good morning sir. My name is Vijay. I would
like to know the details of colleges that offer B.Sc. (IT) programme.
Counsellor: Well! Chettinad Arts and Science College,
Chidambaram Pillai College for Women, Christu Raja College, S.N. College are
some of the top most colleges in and around Madurai that offer B.Sc. (IT)
programme. Even SPJ College, PSG College, JJ College, MTN College, and
Dhanalakshmi Arts and Science College also offer the course with nominal fee.
Vijay: Thank you, sir. Let me write them down. Sir,
could you please tell me what kind of course this is?
Counsellor: This course is similar to BCA but experts
say it’s more towards the technical side.
Vijay: Thank you, sir.
Nikki: Sir, my name is Nikki. I have completed 12th
standard with computer science group and I would like to know about the course
on Visual Communication. Could you help me out, sir?
Counsellor: Well! Nikki, a three-year course will
cover Media Studies, Introduction to Visual Communication skills, Drawing
Graphic Design, Painting and Publication, Photography, Computer graphics,
Advertising, Television Production, Film studies and Web Publishing. Many
colleges in the city offer this course.
Nikki: Thank you very much, sir. You’re very helpful.
Counsellor: You’re welcome. I am only doing what I am
here for.
Unit II
6. How do you start a conversation with strangers? Write
a dialogue. (K2)
Answer:
A:"It's a nice day."
B: "Yes. It is a beautiful day."
A: "Do you live around here or are you visiting?"
B: "I am on vacation from Korea."
A: "That's cool. Are you having a good time?"
B: "Yes. There are many things to see and I'm taking a lot of pictures. Do
live in this city?"
A: "Yeah. I'm just here with my kids. They wanted to come to the park
today."
B: "What's a good place to visit in this city?"
A: "I recommend going to the water front in downtown. They have a ferry
you can ride to some good restaurants, and also you can have a good beach for a
walk."
B: "How do I get there from here?"
A: You can take a city bus to reach there. "You see Jackson street over
there? Go straight for 10 blocks. When you see 5th Avenue, turn left. Follow
the street for about 3 miles and you should see it."
B: "Thanks. I'll go check it out. It was nice talking to you."
A: "It was nice meeting you. Have a good time.
7. Imagine that you are going to buy a newly launched
bike. Use expressions such as “asking for someone’s opinion” and “checking for
one’s understanding” and write a dialogue of your own. (K2)
Answer:
Myself: Hello, Sir. I am interested buying a recently
launched bike from your showroom.
Sales Executive: Hello, Sir. You are welcome to our
showroom and we sell all the top most branded bikes manufactured in India.
Myself: Oh! That’s good. I want to buy one Hero Honda.
Can you explain the features of the newly launched one?
Sales Executive: Sure sir. Hero Honda has recently
launched three different bikes with various CC and milage.
Myself: Sir, please explain the features of the bikes
one by one for my understanding.
Sales Executive: Honda Xtreme, Hero Glamour and Hero
Karizma are the three different models recently launched by Honda.
Myself: Pardon me, sir. What is the name of the bike
that you have pronounced lastly?
Sales Executive: It is Hero Karizma.
Myself: O.K. thank you sir. Could you please explain
the features of all the three models?
Sales Executive: Sure sir. Here is the brochure which
describes the features of the bike. Still, I explain them. Honda Xtreme -125 R
has 124.7 cc with a tank capacity of 10 liters. Its milage is 66km/lt and the
seat height is 974 mm. Hero Glamour has
125 cc with a tank capacity of 10 liters. Its milage is 55 km/lt and the seat
height is 790 mm. Hero Karizma – XMR has 210 cc with the tank capacity of 11
liters. Its milage is 35 km/lt and the seat height is 810 mm.
Myself: Excuse me, sir. Could you explain the features
of Hero Karizma – XMR once again and the colours of the bike and also the price
of it.
Sales Executive: Certainly sir. Hero Karizma – XMR has
210 cc with the tank capacity of 11 liters. Its milage is 35 km/lt and the seat
height is 810 mm. Black, red, yellow, orange, and white are the colours of this
brand. Its price is 1.81 lakhs.
Myself: I think, I would like to purchase the Hero
Karizma – XMR after consulting about it with my brother and father. Could you
have any EMI method or finance facility in your showroom.
Sales Executive: Yes sir. We have EMI method offered
by the owner of the showroom. Or if you want to make some finance facility like
bank loan etc. we will make arrangement for it also.
Myself: Thank you very much for the necessary
information provided by you.
Sales Executive: Thank you, sir. Have a great day!
8. Imagine, you and your friends are discussing on the
use of robots. Write a dialogue for this given situation using the expressions
‘asking for information’ and ‘asking for someone’s opinion’. (K2)
Answer:
Myself: Hey, have you heard about the latest
advancements in robotics? Friend: Yeah, I've been reading about it. It's quite
fascinating how robots are being used in various industries.
Myself: Absolutely!
Robots have revolutionized manufacturing processes and increased efficiency.
They can perform repetitive tasks with precision and speed, reducing the need
for human labor.
Friend: That's
true, but what about the impact on employment? Won't robots replace human
workers and lead to job losses?
Myself: While it's
true that some jobs may be automated, robots also create new job opportunities.
They require maintenance, programming, and supervision. Additionally, robots
can handle dangerous tasks that may be hazardous for humans.
Friend: I guess
that's a valid point. But what about the cost of implementing robots? Aren't
they expensive?
Myself: Initially,
the cost of robots may be high, but in the long run, they can save costs by
increasing productivity and reducing errors. They can work continuously without
breaks and can be programmed to optimize resource utilization.
Friend: That's
interesting. I never thought about it that way. What about the ethical concerns
surrounding robots? Can they be trusted completely? Myself: It's important to
have proper regulations and guidelines in place to ensure the ethical use of
robots. While robots can be programmed to follow rules, human oversight is
necessary to prevent misuse or harm.
Friend: I agree.
It's crucial to strike a balance between the advantages and disadvantages of
robots. They have the potential to improve our lives, but we need to be
cautious about their impact on society.
Myself: Absolutely.
It's an ongoing discussion, and we need to keep evaluating the benefits and
risks associated with robots.
Friend: I'm glad
we had this conversation. It has given me a new perspective on robots.
Myself: That's
what friends are for, to have meaningful discussions and broaden our horizons.
9. Your father has just returned from a tour of Mumbai.
Ask him questions using the given points: (K2)
i.
Mode of journey:
if train, name and number of the train, class of journey, fare
ii.
Time of arrival at
Mumbai
iii.
Accommodation in
Mumbai
iv.
Duration of tour
v.
Tourist
attractions in and around Mumbai
vi.
Presents for your
family bought by your father
vii.
Weather
viii.
Food
ix.
Return journey
x.
Arrival at Pune.
Answer:
i.
By which train did
you travel to Mumbai? What is the number of it? In which class did you travel
and what was the fare?
ii.
By what time the
train did arrive at Mumbai?
iii.
Where did you stay
in Mumbai?
iv.
For how many days
did you stay in Mumbai?
v.
Could you please
say some of the tourist attractive spots in and around Mumbai?
vi.
What are the
presents that you have bought to your family members?
vii.
How was the
weather in Mumbai?
viii.
Could you say
something about the special food that you had in Mumbai?
ix.
What was the mode
of journey when you returned to Pune?
x.
When did you
arrive at Pune?
10. What is information? What information does a passenger
need to know before booking a train ticket? Infer the situation and write a
conversation that is taking place between a passenger and the ticket booking
clerk. (K2)
Answer:
Information
is a representation of knowledge or facts that is conveyed through various
forms of communication.
Passenger:
Good morning, Sir.
Clerk:
Good morning.
Passenger:
I’d like a ticket to Chennai.
Clerk:
Sure, but I have to check whether there is an availability of tickets. In
Pandiyan Express there is only RAC. In Nellai Express only one III AC is
available. In Rameswaram Express there are three sleeper, one III AC and five
second AC tickets are available. Which is your choice?
Passenger:
Sir, I want to travel by III AC. Could you please tell me the timing and also
the ticket fare.
Clerk:
Do you want Single or return?
Passenger:
Sir, both.
Clerk:
In that case, you can very avail III AC of Nellai Express. It arrives by 9.30
p.m. at Madurai junction and reaches Chennai the next morning by 6 o’ clock.
For the return journey on the next day, it starts from Chennai Beach Station by
9.30 p.m. and reaches Madurai junction by 5 next morning.
Passenger:
O.K. sir. Could you please tell me the amount that I need to pay for both the
journey.
Clerk:
For onward journey it is Rs. 1250 and for the return it is only 1100. And in
total you should pay Rs. 2350. Here are your tickets.
Passenger:
Thank you very much sir. Could you please tell me on which platform the
train arrives at?
Clerk:
Generally, it arrives on the first platform. If there is any technical problem,
it may arrive on second or third platform.
Passenger:
Then how could I know about the arrival of the train?
Clerk:
Don’t worry sir. The announcement system in the station announces the arrival
and the departure of the train and also the platform details and timing in
three languages such as Tamil, English and Hindi. Besides the neon board also
displays the name of the train, platform number and timing.
Passenger:
Thank you, sir, for your kind information.
Unit III
11. How do you express possibility using some grammatical
items? Organize your ideas in a form of an essay. (K3)
Answer:
In English, we
talk about possibilities using various phrases and structures. Some common ways
include:
·
Using modal
verbs like
“can,” “could,” “might,” “may,” and “would,”
·
Using
Phrases like “it’s possible that,” “there’s a chance,” “it could happen,” “it
might be,” and “it may be possible.”
·
Using
adverbs like “possibly” and “perhaps” to indicate possibility in sentences.
Expressing
Possibility Using Modals
Modal verbs are a
key tool for expressing possibility in English. The verbs, such as “can,”
“could,” “might,” “may,” and “would,” convey different degrees of likelihood or
capability.
·
“She can solve
the puzzle easily.”
·
“We could go
to the concert if we finish our work early.”
·
“She might buy
some presents for the family before she goes.”
·
“My
grandmother may travel alone.”
·
She
will take an umbrella as it could rain heavily there.
·
“I would help
you move next weekend if I didn’t have plans.”
Expressing
Possibility Using Phrases Like “It’s Possible That,” and “There’s a Chance,”
1.
It’s possible that: “It’s possible that the
meeting will be rescheduled due to the CEO’s absence.”
2.
There’s a chance: “There’s a chance we’ll see
the northern lights if the sky clears up tonight.”
“Expressing
Possibility Using Adverbs
Adverbs such as
“possibly,” “perhaps,” “likely,” “probably,” and “potentially” help to qualify
statements about what could happen.
Here are some
examples:
·
“Maybe she
will make the trip alone.”
·
“Perhaps she
will visit London.”
·
“Possibly, she will go by plane.”
·
“It’s likely that
the project will be completed ahead of schedule due to the efficient team.”
·
“The
package will probably arrive by Friday, but there’s a slight
chance of delay.”
·
“Potentially,
this new strategy could lead to increase sales and profitability for the
company.”
12. What are the different ways of ‘ending a conversation’
at various situations? (K3)
Answer:
In-person
·
"It’s
been great catching up, but I must get going.
·
"I
so appreciate our talk, but I’ve got to leave for my next appointment. Let’s do
this again soon!"
·
"I
had such a wonderful time! Thank you for having me over. Good night!"
·
"This
was so nice. Thanks for stopping by. Tell Aunt Josie I said hi!"
·
"I’m
so glad we had this talk, but my social battery is running low, so I’m going to
head out. See you later!"
With Someone You
Just Met
·
"I
have to step away now, but I’m so glad Zia introduced us! I’ll see you around."
·
"I’ve
got to run, but it was lovely meeting you. Have a good day!"
·
"It
was a pleasure talking to you, and I should get going now. It’s getting late.
Good night!"
·
"I’d
better get going. Nice talking to you, take care!"
On Phone
·
"I’ve
really enjoyed this chat, but I have an appointment in ten minutes. Can we
continue this sometime later?"
·
"It’s
been so great talking to you. Thanks for calling.
·
"I’m
in a work crunch, but it’s so good to hear from you. Let’s talk more this
weekend, okay?"
·
"Well,
I have taken enough of your time. I’ll let you get back to it now. Talk
later!"
·
"I
don't mean to rush off, but I’ve got another call coming in. Let’s pick this up
over lunch?"
Over Text
·
"Thanks
for sharing that with me. I've got to go now.
·
"It’s
been great catching up with you. Got to take off now. Talk soon!"
·
"Hey,
I’ve got to run. Thanks for the chat. Talk to you later!"
·
"Thanks
for checking in. I’ll let you get back to your day now. Have a good one!"
·
"Until
next time, bye!"
13. Aruna and Karim are talking about the recent Hindi films.
Aruna is of the opinion that all recent films are worthless but that is not the
way Karim sees things. Write a dialogue. (K3)
Answer:
Aruna: Hi! Karim. How are you?
Karim: I’m fine. Thanks. How about you?
Aruna: Not too bad, thanks. Tell me what’s the latest?
Karim: Nothing much. I was reading a film review. It’s
about a recent Hindi film.
Aruna: Oh, all recent Hindi films are worthless.
Karim: Well, that’s not the way I see. Some recent
Hindi films are really very good. There’s a lot of family drama. And the
photography is highly sophisticated.
Aruna: Yes, but there’s a lot of violence and crime in
them.
Karim: I don’t agree. Not every Hindi film is like
that. There are quite a few art films too.
Aruna: I’m afraid. I disagree. Such films are very
rare. Maybe one in a hundred!
Karim: But violence, crime, and obscurity are there in
English films too.
Aruna: Not really. Think of films like ‘Titanic’ and “Twister’
and even ‘Independence Day.’
Karim: I don’t think that’s right. These films are
exceptions.
Aruna: Anyway. What would you like to have – tea or
coffee?
Karim: Coffee, please. Thanks.
Aruna: You’re welcome.
14. (a) Fill in the blanks using the modals, showing the
expression, ‘possibility of something’: (K3) (5 marks)
Answer:
(i)
Possibly,
the monsoon may weaken if strong winds blow away the clouds.
(ii)
I
guess we could look forward to greater cooperation between the
two countries.
(iii)
That
sounds dangerous, doesn’t it? Soon, we might have hurricanes from
the Mediterranean.
(iv)
Isn’t
that a great way of empowering rural women? It can help them to set up their own business.
(v)
That
can be a great step forward in the development of solar energy in
the country.
(b) For every statement below, tick the option that
means the same: (K3) (5 marks)
Answer:
(i)
It’s quite
possible that they will not be allowed to take the exams.
(a). They may not be allowed to take the exam. √
(b). They might not be allowed to take the exams.
(ii) It’s possible that Rohit and Sujit are
brothers.
(a). They may not be brothers. √
(b). They cannot be
brothers
(iii) There’s a small chance that he is not
married.
(a). He might not be married. √
(b). He cannot be married.
(iv) It’s possible that the train has got
delayed.
(a).
The train can be got delayed
(b). The train might be got delayed √
(v) There’s a chance you catch cold if you
get wet in rain.
(a).
You can catch cold, if you get wet in rain.
(b). You may catch cold, if you get wet in rain. √
15. What is a dialogue? What are the types of dialogue
used in creative writing? Discuss each. (K3)
Answer:
Dialogue is a written
or spoken conversational exchange between two or more people..
There are several types
of dialogues that can be used in creative writing. Here are some examples:
1.
Direct dialogue: This is the most common type of
dialogue, in which characters speak directly to each other, usually using
quotation marks. For example: “I can’t believe you did that,” she said.
2.
Indirect dialogue: In this type of dialogue, the
writer summarizes what was said instead of using direct quotes. For example:
She told him that she couldn’t believe he did that.
3.
Interior dialogue: This is also known as internal
monologue, where a character’s thoughts are revealed to the reader. For
example: “I can’t believe I did that,” she thought.
4.
Monologue: In a monologue, one character speaks at
length, usually to an audience within the story or to themselves. For example:
“To be or not to be, that is the question,” said Hamlet.
5.
Soliloquy: Similar to a monologue, a soliloquy is a
speech given by a character alone on stage, revealing their innermost thoughts
and feelings. For example: “Oh Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?” said
Juliet.
6.
Dialect: This is a type of dialogue in which
characters speak in a particular regional or cultural accent or dialect. For
example: “Y’all come back now, ya hear?” said the Southern farmer.
7.
Subtextual dialogue: This type of dialogue implies
meaning beneath the surface and often has a hidden agenda. For example: “I’m
sure you didn’t mean to hurt my feelings,” she said, with a sharp edge to her
voice.
Unit IV
16. Analyse the use of AI technology in education. (K4)
Answer:
Artificial intelligence
(AI) can be used in education in many ways, including:
·
Personalized learning
AI can analyze a
student's learning style, strengths, weaknesses, and pace to create customized
lesson plans and resources. This allows students to learn at their own
pace and improve their understanding and retention of material.
·
Automated tasks
AI can automate
administrative tasks like grading, scheduling, and report generation, which can
reduce the workload on teachers.
·
Improved accessibility
AI-powered
assistive technologies can help students with disabilities by customizing
learning interfaces and content, and providing text-to-speech and
speech-to-text capabilities.
·
Improved engagement
AI can make
learning more engaging and interactive through gamified content and adaptive
learning platforms.
·
Better security
AI can enhance the
security and integrity of assessments through advanced proctoring and
plagiarism detection.
·
Professional development
AI can support
educators' professional development by recommending personalized resources and
courses.
·
Student enrollment
AI can automate
the process of gathering, validating, and notifying students of their
enrollment status.
·
Teaching assistants
AI can act as a
teaching assistant by answering student questions, analyzing answers, and
suggesting improvements.
17. (a) Write an advertisement for selling a plot near
your house. (5 marks) (K4)
Answer:
Plot for sale: 5 cents. Located in the heart of the
city. 2.5 kms from railway station and central bus stand. Important schools,
colleges and hospitals are just 3 kms around. Contact: 8825866800.
(b) Prepare an advertisement for your newly
opened shop in the heart of the
city which sells ready-to-eat-millet-food products. (5 marks) (K4)
Answer:
18. Imagine that you are a journalist. You have
visited a flood affected area and
also interviewed the flood affected victims. Prepare a
report for the newspaper on the basis of your personal investigations and
justifications. (K4)
Answer:
The entire
district of Bakura, West Bengal, faced heavy rainfall for hours this week. More
than five villages were flooded and over five lakh people were affected. The
flood was mainly caused due to the increased level of water in the Damodar. The
areas drained by the river were affected badly as most of the land went under
water. The agricultural lands and livestock were badly affected too. Though the
authorities had moved around three lakh people to different flood shelters,
many were still stuck. The NDRF and army personnel were deployed to handle the
situation and ensure no lives were lost during the flood. The government had
opened many helpline numbers to assist the people in distress. Various
authorities were instructed to help people with clean water, proper food and
medicines. Health inspectors were deployed to check the medical condition of
the people in the shelter. The government had announced that people who were
severely affected by the flood would be given monetary assistance. The Chief
Minister had formed a committee that would look into the areas where people
were severely affected and provide them with the necessary assistance they
needed. The Irrigation and Waterways Minister was instructed by the Chief
Minister to look into the situation and come up with a plan to prevent loss of
life and property during floods in the future.
19. Read the information given in the tree-diagram and
infer your understanding in a form a passage.
(K4)
Answer:
People’s
Dwellings: There are different types of
dwellings where we live in. It protects us from many things like sun, rain,
wind and enemies.
Pucca houses are
strong houses. They are made up of wood, bricks, cement, iron rods and steel.
Skyscrapers like Flats and bungalows are pucca houses. Such houses are called
permanent houses. Kutcha houses are made up of wood, mud, straw and dry
leaves. A hut is a kutcha house. Some people live at one place for a very short
time. They build houses that can be moved from one place to another. Such
houses are called temporary houses. Caravan, tent and houseboats are examples
of temporary houses. Gypsies live in houses on wheels called caravans. A house
made of cloth is a tent. A houseboat is a floating house. Many soldiers live in
tents in their camp. A house made of snow or blocks of ice is called an igloo.
Eskimos make it. They live in very cold places.
20. Summarize the given passage and give a suitable
title to the summarized passage: (K4)
The evidence taken
from the observation of the behaviour of apes and children suggests that there
are three clearly separable groups of simple causes for the outbreak of
fighting and the exhibition of aggressiveness by individuals.
One of the most common causes of fighting among both children and apes was over
the possession of external objects. The disputed ownership of
any desired object - food, clothes, toys, females, and the affection of others
- was sufficient ground for an appeal to force. On Monkey Hill disputes over
females were responsible for the death of thirty out of thirty-three females.
Two points are of particular interest to notice about these fights for
possession.
In the first place they are often carried to such an extreme that they end in
the complete destruction of the objects of common desire. Toys are torn to
pieces. Females are literally torn limb from limb. So overriding is the
aggression once it has begun that it not only overflows all reasonable
boundaries of selfishness but utterly destroys the object for which the
struggle began and even the self for whose advantage the struggle was
undertaken.
In the second place it is observable, at least in children, that the object for
whose possession aggression is started may sometimes be desired by one person
only or merely because it is desired by someone else. There were many cases
observed by Dr Isaacs where toys and other objects which had been discarded as
useless were violently defended by their owners when they became the object of
some other child’s desire. The grounds of possessiveness may, therefore, be
irrational in the sense that they are derived from inconsistent judgments of
value. Whether sensible or irrational, contests over possession are commonly
the occasion for the most ruthless use of force among children and apes.
One of the commonest kinds of object arousing possessive desire is the notice,
good will, affection, and service of other members of the group. Among children
one of the commonest causes of quarrelling was ‘jealousy’ - the desire for the
exclusive possession of the interest and affection of someone else,
particularly the adults in charge of the children. This form of behaviour is
sometimes classified as a separate cause of conflict under the name of
‘rivalry’ or ‘jealousy’. But, in point of fact, it seems to us that it is only
one variety of possessiveness. The object of desire is not a material object -
that is the only difference. The object is the interest and affection of other
persons. What is wanted, however, is the exclusive right to that interest and
affection - a property in emotions instead of in things. As subjective emotions
and as causes of conflict, jealousy and rivalry are fundamentally similar to
the desire for the uninterrupted possession of toys or food. Indeed, very often
the persons, property which is desired, are the sources of toys and food.
Possessiveness is, then, in all its forms a common cause of fighting. If we are
to look behind the mere facts of behaviour for an explanation of this
phenomenon, a teleological cause is not far to seek. The exclusive right to
objects of desire is a clear and simple advantage to the possessor obit. It
carries with it the certainty and continuity of satisfaction. Where there is
only one claimant to a good, frustration and the possibility floss is reduced
to a minimum. It is, therefore, obvious that, if the ends of the self are the
only recognized ends, the whole powers of the agent, including the fullest use
of his available force, will be used to establish and defend exclusive rights
to possession.
Another cause of aggression closely allied to possessiveness is the tendency
for children and apes greatly to resent the intrusion of a stranger into their
group. A new child in the class may be laughed at, isolated, and disliked and
even set upon and pinched and bullied. A new monkey may be poked and bitten to
death. It is interesting to note that it is only strangeness within a
similarity of species that is resented. Monkeys do not mind being joined by a
goat or a rat. Children do not object when animals are introduced to the group.
Indeed, such novelties are often welcomed. But when monkeys meet a new monkey
or children a strange child, aggression often occurs. This suggests strongly
that the reason for the aggression is fundamentally possessiveness. The
competition of the newcomers is feared. The present members of the group feel
that there will be more rivals for the food or the attention of the adults.
Finally, another common source of fighting among children is a failure or
frustration in their own activity. A child will be prevented either by natural
causes such as bad weather or illness or by the opposition of some adult from
doing something he wishes to do at a given moment - sail his boat or ride the
bicycle. The child may also frustrate itself by failing, through lack of skill
or strength, to complete successfully some desired activity. Such a child will
then in the ordinary sense become ’naughty.’ He will be in a bad or surly
temper. And, what is of interest from our point of view, the child will indulge
in aggression - attacking and fighting other children or adults. Sometimes the
object of aggression will simply be the cause of frustration, a straightforward
reaction. The child will kick or hit the nurse who forbids the sailing of his
boat. But sometimes - indeed, frequently - the person or thing that suffers the
aggression is quite irrelevant and innocent of offence. The angry child will
stamp the ground or box the ears of another child when neither the ground nor
the child attacked is even remotely connected with the irritation or
frustration.
Of course, this kind of behaviour is so common that everyone feels it to be
obvious and to constitute no serious scientific problem. That a small boy
should pull his sister’s hair because it is raining does not appear to the
ordinary unreflecting person to be an occasion for solemn scientific inquiry.
He is, as we should all say, ‘in a bad temper.’ Yet it is not, in fact, really
obvious either why revenge should be taken on entirely innocent objects, since
no good to the aggressor can come of it, or why children being miserable should
seek to make others miserable also. It is just a fact of human behaviour that
cannot really be deduced from any general principle of reason. But it is, as we
shall see, of very great importance for our purpose. It shows how it is
possible, at the simplest and most primitive level, for aggression and fighting
to spring from an entirely irrelevant and partially hidden cause. Fighting to
possess a desired object is straightforward and rational, however disastrous
its consequences, compared with fighting that occurs because, in a different
and unrelated activity, some frustration has barred the road to pleasure. The
importance of this possibility for an understanding of group conflict must
already be obvious.
Answer:
Apes and Children: Behaviour Study
The behavior of
apes and children suggests three main causes for aggression and fighting. One
common cause is the possession of external objects, such as food, clothes,
toys, and females. These disputes can lead to the destruction of the objects of
common desire, leading to overflowing boundaries of selfishness. In children,
the object for which aggression is started may be desired by one person only or
because it is desired by someone else. Possession is a common cause of
fighting, as it provides a clear advantage to the possessor and ensures
certainty and continuity of satisfaction.
Another cause of aggression is the tendency for children and apes to resent the
intrusion of a stranger into their group. This is due to the fear of
competition and the fear that there will be more rivals for food or attention.
Another common source of fighting among children is failure or frustration in
their own activity. A child may be prevented from doing something they wish to
do, leading to a bad temper and aggression.
This behavior is
so common that it is often considered a simple scientific problem. However, it
is not clear why revenge should be taken on innocent objects or why children
being miserable should seek to make others miserable. It is a fact of human
behavior that cannot be deduced from any general principle of reason. Fighting
to possess a desired object is straightforward and rational, even though its
consequences are disastrous. This is important for understanding group conflict
and the reasons behind aggression and fighting.
Unit V
21. Can you evaluate
the importance of negotiation skills. (K5)
Answer:
Negotiation skills
are important because they can help you:
·
Resolve conflicts
Negotiation skills
help you resolve conflicts amicably and avoid confrontations. You can
create an environment of cooperation and open dialogue, and work towards
mutually beneficial solutions.
·
Build relationships
Negotiation skills
can help you build strong relationships with clients, employees, and
stakeholders. You can show people that you value their time and energy by
working to find a mutually beneficial agreement.
·
Get ahead in the workplace
Negotiation skills
can help you get ahead in your career, win important clients, and improve your
bottom line. You can use negotiation skills to negotiate contracts,
prices, and partnerships.
·
Improve your personal life
Negotiation skills
can also be applied to your personal life, such as when you're trying to figure
out where to go to dinner with friends or juggling multiple job offers.
·
Become more confident
Negotiation skills
can help you become more confident in expressing your needs and advocating for
yourself.
·
Learn to avoid being taken advantage of
Negotiation skills
can help you learn to recognize when someone is trying to take advantage of
you, and develop strategies to avoid it
22. Is ‘body language’
a skill in communication. Judge your understanding in your own words. (K5)
Answer:
Yes, body language
is a skill, and it's an important part of communication. Your facial
expressions, gestures, posture, and tone of voice are powerful communication
tools.
Types of body
language
Facial expressions. The
human face is extremely expressive, able to convey countless emotions without
saying a word.
Body movement and
posture. Consider how your perceptions of people are affected by the way
they sit, walk, stand, or hold their head. The way you move and carry yourself
communicates a wealth of information to the world. This type of nonverbal communication
includes your posture, bearing, stance, and the subtle movements you make.
Gestures. Gestures
are woven into the fabric of our daily lives. You may wave, point, beckon, or
use your hands when arguing or speaking.
Eye
contact. Since the visual sense is dominant for most people, eye contact
is an especially important type of nonverbal communication. The way you look at
someone can communicate many things, including interest, affection, hostility,
or attraction.
Touch. We
communicate a great deal through touch. Think about the very different messages
given by a weak handshake, a warm bear hug, a patronizing pat on the head.
Space: You can use
physical space to communicate many different nonverbal messages, including
signals of intimacy and affection, aggression or dominance.
Voice. It’s
not just what you say, it’s how you say it. When you speak,
other people “read” your voice in addition to listening to your words.
Body language can
play five roles:
·
Repetition: It
repeats and often strengthens the message you’re making verbally.
·
Contradiction: It
can contradict the message you’re trying to convey, thus indicating to your
listener that you may not be telling the truth.
·
Substitution: It
can substitute for a verbal message. For example, your facial expression often
conveys a far more vivid message than words ever can.
·
Complementing: It
may add to or complement your verbal message. As a boss, if you pat an employee
on the back in addition to giving praise, it can increase the impact of your
message.
·
Accenting: It
may accent or underline a verbal message. Pounding the table, for example, can
underline the importance of your message.
23. What is a Group
Discussion? Assess the importance of it in official forums. (K5)
Answer:
A group
discussion, or GD, is a conversation where a group of people share ideas
and perspectives on a topic. Group discussions can be used for
brainstorming, problem-solving, decision-making, and more. They can also
be used as a tool to assess a candidate's skills during a job interview.
Group discussions
are usually structured and facilitated by a moderator or group leader. The
discussion is typically divided into three sections: introduction, discussion,
and conclusion.
Group discussions
are important in official forums because they help assess a candidate's
suitability for a job or scholarship, and can help improve communication,
teamwork, and listening skills:
·
Communication
skills: Group discussions help candidates express their views and ask
questions, which can improve their communication skills.
·
Teamwork: Group
discussions are based on teamwork, which is important in companies.
·
Listening
skills: Group discussions can help improve candidates' listening
skills.
·
Personality
assessment: Group discussions can help assess a candidate's overall
personality, including their thoughts, feelings, and behavior.
·
Confidence: Group
discussions can help candidates increase their confidence by speaking in
public.
·
Understanding
of a topic: Group discussions can help promote a deeper understanding of a
topic and increase long-term retention.
·
Feedback: Group
discussions can provide feedback to instructors on participant comprehension
24. What is a seminar?
What are its types? Appraise the advantages of it? (K5)
Answer:
A seminar, also
known as a panel discussion, is an educational event focused on
interaction, where individuals with common interests gather to discuss, learn,
and share ideas.
Seminars can be
categorized by their purpose and audience:
·
Academic seminars: Typically held at
universities, these seminars are for students and feature experts discussing
academic topics, research, or theories
·
Professional seminars: For working
professionals, these seminars are intended to help with skill development,
keeping up with industry trends, or meeting professional training
requirements. They are common in fields like law, medicine, and
business
·
Community seminars: Open to the public, these
seminars cover a wide range of topics such as personal finance, health, and
community issues. They are usually sponsored by local organizations or
businesses
·
Webinars: Online seminars
·
Continuing education seminars: Live online
seminars hosted via a video conferencing platform
Seminars have many
advantages, including:
·
Learning
Seminars provide a
chance to learn new information and skills from experts and thought
leaders. This knowledge can be difficult to find in other sources, like
books or online.
·
Networking
Seminars are a
great place to meet people with similar interests, which can lead to
collaborations, projects, or career advancements.
·
Professional growth
Seminars can help
professionals stay competitive and informed about the latest developments in
their field. Many industries also count seminar participation towards
continuing education credits.
·
Inspiration
Seminars can be a
great place to gain motivation for new ideas and information.
·
Active learning
Student seminars
can promote active learning, critical thinking, communication skills,
collaboration, and confidence building.
·
Staying up to date
Seminars can help
students stay up to date on current events and technological
advancements.
·
Sharing workload
Seminars can allow
for team teaching or guest lecturers to share the workload.
·
Morale boost
When a company
pays for an employee to attend a seminar, it can make the employee feel
valued.
In-person seminars
offer the opportunity for face-to-face interactions and personalized experiences. However,
they can be costly and require attendees to travel to a specific location.
25. How would you
rate public speaking skills based on their importance? (K5)
Answer:
Public speaking is
important to both the presenter as well as the audience. From a
presenter's perspective, public speaking can serve as a method of sharing
information and can potentially persuade others. From an audience's
perspective, it can be an opportunity to learn and better understand.
·
Speaking rate
A slower rate of
speech is easier for an audience to understand. Pauses can also help the
audience absorb the message.
·
Critical thinking
Public speaking
can help improve critical thinking skills because it involves analyzing a topic
and tailoring the content to the audience.
·
Presentation skills
Good presentation
skills include facial expressions, vocal tone, body language, and using the
right presentation style.
·
Eye contact
Making eye contact
with the audience shows confidence and personalizes the speech.
·
Communication
Effective
communication is essential for a successful public speaking performance.
·
Connecting with the audience
Public speaking
skills can help calm the speaker and reduce boredom in the audience.
·
Knowing the audience
Knowing the
audience's preferences and goals can help you tailor your message, tone, and
style.
·
Articulation
Poor articulation
can occur when speakers don't speak clearly
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